Journal List Materials Basel v. Materials Basel. Published online Jan Find articles by Alicia Lu Yitian. Robert S. Alfred I. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Received Nov 27; Accepted Jan This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Integrating a dissolvable membrane into a sensor allows the control of sample flow, location and duration in critical areas.
Keywords: polyvinyl alcohol, dissolvable membrane, time barrier film, paper based sensors, sample flow control, 3D-printed holder. Introduction A dissolvable membrane can be integrated into a sensor in order to allow control of sample flow.
Materials and Methods 2. Equipment Balance was purchased from Mettler Toledo. Preparation of Films Using the solvent-casting technique, the PVA films were made from aqueous polymer solutions. Determination of Dissolution Time in Water In order to eliminate factors such as, breaking or tearing of the film and poor exposure of film to sample within the 3D-printed holder, the dissolution time of the tested PVA 1—3 films was first determined under standard conditions.
Determination of Dissolution Time in the 3D-Printed Holder PVA 1—3 films were also integrated into customized 3D-printed holders and the time taken for the films to dissolve inside the holder was determined. Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Figure 2. Results and Discussion 3. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Conclusions In this study, dissolvable PVA films are used in a novel, customized 3D-printed sensor holder for the control of sample flow.
Acknowledgments The authors thank Yeo Loo Pin for correcting the manuscript. Author Contributions Conceptualization, A. References 1. Millipore E. Rapid Lateral Flow Test Strips. Bangs Laboratories, Inc. Lateral Flow Tests. Lenk G. Meathrel W. Disintegratable Films for Diagnostic Devices. Google Patents. Sridharamurthy S. Lab Chip. Deutsch A. Self-Contained Assay Method and Kit. Thakur N. Mandeep K.
Allied Sci. Particle Science, Inc. Dissolving Films. Volume Techanical brief Manegold T. Dissolvable Film and Method of Manufacture. Muppalaneni S. Finch C. Hassan C. Harvey M. Optimization of Nitrocellulose Membrane-Based Immunoassavs. Rodda D. Poly vinyl alcohol as a blocking agent in enzyme immunoassays.
Studentsov Y. Enhanced enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to virus-like particles of human papillomavirus. Ren Z. Anand U. Yang M. Humidity sensors using polyvinyl alcohol mixed with electrolytes. Actuators B Chem. Andreev D. Sorption and sensing characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol films impregnated with CaCl 2.
Miao Y. Optical fiber relative-humidity sensor with polyvinyl alcohol film. Sun Y. Magazine E. Kuraray M. The vessel is charged with hot water and the mixer is started. The PVA is added to the water and is rapidly wetted out and incorporated into the liquid. The high speed rotation of the rotor creates a powerful suction which draws ingredients into the mixer's workhead.
Centrifugal force drives the materials to the periphery of the workhead where they are subjected to intense high shear in the gap between the rotor and stator before being forced out through the holes in the stator and projected back into the mix. Any agglomerates are rapidly dispersed. Fresh materials are simultaneously drawn into the workhead, setting up a circulatory pattern of mixing. The entire contents of the vessel passes many times through the workhead, progressively breaking down any agglomerates and accelerating the solubilization process.
Typically PVA solutions are prepared in bulk. In-Line mixers are commonly used for very large volumes. In-tank mixers are also used depending on batch size, viscosity of end product, etc. Have the latest how-to videos, application reports and more delivered straight to your inbox. Ask our Experts Request a Quote. The Problem Using conventional mixers and agitators, a number of problems can be encountered during production: Incorporation and dispersion of the powder becomes increasingly difficult as the viscosity starts to rise.
Lumps cannot be readily broken down by agitation and long mixing times are required to complete solubilization. The vigorous agitation required to wet out the powder can lead to aeration problems. Inefficient agitation takes longer to achieve solubilization at temperature. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.
Google Scholar. CrossRef Google Scholar. Christie M. Hassan 1 Patrina Trakampan 1 Nicholas A. Peppas 1 1. Personalised recommendations. Cite chapter How to cite?
0コメント